Window of Health : Jurnal Kesehatan

Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Obesity in Africa: A Disaggregated Panel Corrected Standard Error Model

2025-10-23T03:29:07+00:00

Obesity is a growing problem in Africa, promoting morbidity and contributing to mortality from non-communicable diseases. Although nutrition and genetic factors have been implicated in promoting obesity, the impact of environmental factors like carbon dioxide emissions is rarely emphasized in the literature. This paper contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing empirical links between carbon dioxide emissions and obesity in Africa. The study used a longitudinal research design, and the data were from a panel of fifty-two African countries covering the 2000-2016 period. The data were sourced from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) database and the World Bank’s World Development Indicators. Data analyses were implemented with a panel corrected standard error model due to the presence of contemporaneous correlation among some panels and the presence of cointegration. The results showed that obesity significantly increased, with p less than 0.05 across all regions, accompanied by increases in carbon dioxide emissions, per capita growth in gross domestic product (GDP), and the percentage of food imports. Political stability had mixed results on obesity, with positive impacts in West and Central Africa, and negative impacts in South Africa and in the combined results. It was concluded that addressing carbon dioxide emissions in Africa sends a positive signal towards reducing the incidence of obesity. A framework for African leaders to fully comply with the Paris Agreement is therefore crucial in mitigating the future impacts of GHG emissions on obesity and other associated health issues. Similarly, promotion of political stability and health-induced economic growth is vital for addressing the African obesity epidemic.

Prevalence of Prediabetes in Adolescents

2025-10-23T03:28:47+00:00

Prediabetes is closely associated with an increased risk of adult-onset diabetes, and the risk is even greater when it occurs in adolescence. Prediabetes is increasing globally across all age groups, including children and adolescents, increasing significantly with age and is particularly common in adolescents with obesity, inactivity, and unhealthy lifestyles. Prevention of cases in children includes lifestyle programs, reducing weight, changing diet, and increasing physical activity. The purpose of the study was to analyze the prevalence of prediabetes in adolescents. This research is a quantitative method, observational research with a cross-sectional design; the research population is first-year students of the Russian College of Health Sciences, and the sampling technique is a total sampling of 115 respondents. The variables studied were diet, physical activity, stress, fast food, and prediabetes. The results showed the value of genetic influence with prediabetes p value = 0.002, BMI with no influence with prediabetes p value = 0.158, no influence of physical activity with prediabetes p value = 0.310, no influence of diet with p-value = 0.863, no influence of stress with prediabetes in adolescents p value = 0.580. There is no influence of active/passive smoking habits with prediabetes p value = 0.653. Genetic and environmental factors among ethnic groups can contribute to increasing the risk of prediabetes or type 2 diabetes and early hypertension. Conclusion: The results showed that only one genetic variable influenced prediabetes in adolescents.

The Effect of Family Support on the Relapse of Drug Abusers

2025-10-23T03:28:08+00:00

Drug abuse remains a persistent global health challenge, with relapse continuing to be a major obstacle in sustaining recovery after rehabilitation. This study examined the association between knowledge, motivation, and family support factors, including emotional, social, and moral support, with relapse among residents at the Community-Based Rehabilitation Institute of the Mitra Husada Foundation in Makassar. A cross-sectional design was applied, involving all 82 rehabilitation residents through total sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed with Chi-Square and logistic regression tests. The results demonstrated significant associations between relapse and knowledge (p < 0.013), motivation (p < 0.0001), emotional support (p <0.004), social support (p = 0.002), and moral support (p < 0.0001). Logistic regression analysis identified motivation as the most influential factor (Wald = 8.026, p < 0.005). The study concludes that strengthening intrinsic motivation and consistent family involvement are essential strategies in relapse prevention. Integrating family-based aftercare programs into rehabilitation services is recommended to ensure sustainable recovery.

Adolescents' Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Reproductive Health Using Website and Booklet Media

2025-10-23T03:26:50+00:00

Sexuality is considered a taboo topic by society, making it difficult to discuss openly. Parents typically provide minimal guidance, while teenagers frequently feel too embarrassed to ask questions. To overcome these barriers, a more engaging and accessible platform, such as a website dedicated to reproductive health, is necessary to help teenagers gain a better understanding of the topic. This study aims to analyze the influence of reproductive health education through website media on changes in adolescent knowledge and attitudes. This research is a quasi-experiment, a quantitative study. The research was conducted from March to November 2024. The respondents/subjects were 200 teenagers aged 15-18 years in Palangka Raya who owned a smartphone or laptop. The intervention group had an average knowledge score of 22.90, higher than the control group's score of 20.49. The Independent T-test showed a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05), indicating that education using the booklet was less effective in increasing knowledge compared to the website+booklet. Similarly, the intervention group's average attitude score was 127.67, higher than the control group's score of 122.08. The Independent T-test showed a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05), indicating that using only the booklet was less effective in improving attitudes compared to the combined website+booklet approach. Education on reproductive health delivered through a website and booklet is more effective at enhancing knowledge and attitude scores in adolescents than education provided solely through a booklet. Ensure that the digital platform is accessible to all adolescents, including those in remote areas.

The Effect of Giving Ginger, Lemongrass, Clove Capsules (JaSeKeh) in Helping Reduce Blood Glucose Levels

2025-10-23T03:26:29+00:00

Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by increased blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) which occurs due to the body lacking the hormone insulin. According to data from the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), it shows that until 2021 worldwide there are 10.5% (537 million) adults aged 20-79 years suffering from diabetes mellitus and will continue to increase every year. This study aims to determine the effect of giving ginger, lemongrass, clove capsules (JaSeKeh) in helping to reduce blood glucose levels . The type of research is true experiment research Pretest-Posttest Group design . The population of this study was the entire community in the working area of Kassi Kassi Health Center and the research sample was 100 respondents using the purposive sampling method. The results of the study were obtained from data taken by conducting an examination and then conducting a data normality test and analyzing the data using the Wilcoxon test showing the effect of giving ginger, lemongrass, clove capsules (JaSeKeh) in helping to reduce blood glucose levels with p0.000 <0.05. The conclusion in this study is that there is an effect of giving ginger, lemongrass, clove capsules (JaSeKeh) in helping to reduce blood glucose levels in the work area of the Kassi Kassi Health Center, Makassar City, South Sulawesi

Keywords: JaSeKeh; Blood Glucose Level; Diabetes Mellitus

The The Relationship between Nutritional Status and Worm Infection with the Intellectual Ability: A Case of Children Aged 6-12 Years in Jungkat Village

2025-10-23T03:27:29+00:00

The prevalence of worm infection in Indonesia remains high, reaching 21.6% in 2022, with significant impacts on children, including decreased cognitive function and growth impairments. Theoretically, children who are in high-risk environments for worm infection and delayed growth have a high potential to have low intelligence. This study aimed to describe the nutritional status, worm infection, and intellectual ability of elementary school children in Jungkat Village, and to analyze the interrelationships between these factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted in four elementary schools in Jungkat Village from June to August. A total sampling approach was applied, with 626 children aged 6–12 years who met the inclusion criteria (enrolled in the schools and obtained parental consent). Data were collected via anthropometric measurements, a worm infection questionnaire, and Raven’s Progressive Matrices (RPM), and analyzed using multinomial logistic regression. More than 70% of children had a normal nutritional status, but stunting (20.78%), overweight (7.67%), and obesity (7.67%) indicated a dual burden of malnutrition. The prevalence of worm infection is notably high (29.71%), while intellectual assessments indicate that 60.86% of children fall into the below-average or defective categories. Interestingly, children in Jungkat Village appear to adapt to worm infections, as these do not seem to impair intellectual capacity. Despite having a mostly normal nutritional status, many individuals still demonstrate below-average intellectual abilities, suggesting that other determinants, beyond nutrition and infection, may play a stronger role. Further studies are recommended to explore genetic, environmental, and educational factors that may influence children’s intellectual development.

Comparison of Hemodialysis Service Cost Effectiveness Using Activity-Based Cost Approach with Hospital Cost and Cost Recovery Rate in Regional Public Hospital IA Moeis Samarinda

2025-10-23T03:28:28+00:00

The determination of service rates in hospitals is often not based on unit cost calculations, but rather on fixed rates used by other hospitals for practicality and ease of implementation. This leads to the problem of differences between INA-CBGs rates and hospital rates in the era of the National Health Insurance (JKN). The study aimed to determine the unit cost of Hemodialysis services using the Activity-Based Costing method, and compare with hospital rates and INA CBGs, and calculate the recovery rate cost.

This is a descriptive research study employing a case study approach. This research was conducted to describe the current condition of the hospital costing system, revealing the cost structure and calculation of service unit costs using the Activity-Based Costing method. The Hospital's financial transaction reports of 2023 were used as a data source. Data is grouped based on fixed costs, semi-variable costs, and variable costs, and then translated into direct costs and overhead costs to calculate the unit costs of hemodialysis. The results of the Hemodialysis unit cost calculation were compared with hospital rates and INA CBGs. The cost recovery rate was then calculated. The study results showed that the unit cost of Hemodialysis, calculated using the Activity-Based Costing method, was Rp1,364,257. The comparison result was that the unit cost was higher than the hospital rate (86%) and also than the INA CBGs rate (61%). The results of the cost recovery rate (CRR) calculation are still below 100%. Influencing factors include direct costs, overhead costs, and the number of actions.

The Role of Social Media and Parental Interpersonal Communication with Premarital Sexual Behavior in Adolescents

2025-10-23T03:27:49+00:00

The phenomenon of premarital sexual behavior in Indonesia is increasingly prevalent among adolescents, including in the city of Baubau. One of the reasons is the easy access to pornography on social media. Therefore, the role of parents is needed in supervising and guiding adolescents. This study aimed to determine the role of social media and parents' interpersonal communication with premarital sexual behavior in adolescents in Baubau city. This study used a qualitative research method with a case study approach. Informants were selected by purposive sampling and snowball sampling, totaling 8 teenagers (5 male teenagers and 3 female teenagers) as a key informants. The results of this study show that both male and female adolescents admit that their sexual behavior is inspired or learned through the pornography they watch. However, exposure to pornography through social media is more dominant in contributing to the sexual behavior of female adolescents than male adolescents, because male adolescents prefer to watch pornography through online websites. Interpersonal communication generally went well, where there was empathy, support, and equality. However, the aspect of openness between adolescents and parents regarding sexuality issues does not seem to be fully explored. On the other hand, the positive attitude of parents who give too much freedom to children actually makes adolescents fall into bad sexual behavior. Other factors that influence premarital sexual behavior in adolescents are knowledge, attitudes, peers and level of religiosity. The conclusion in this study is that social media and parental interpersonal communication have a role in premarital sexual behavior in adolescents.

Diabetes Burnout Among the Elderly With Type 2 Diabetes

2025-10-23T03:26:09+00:00

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases among the elderly, often leading to complications, dependency, and psychosocial burdens. Globally, over 20% of adults aged ≥65 years live with DM, and in Indonesia, its prevalence among the elderly reaches 19.2%. Despite this high burden, limited studies have addressed diabetes burnout (DB) in elderly patients, particularly within cultural contexts where family caregivers play a central role. This study aimed to explore the level of burnout in the elderly with DM and identify contributing factors. A descriptive-analytical quantitative design was applied involving 176 elderly DM patients registered in the Prolanis program at Semarang Regency Health Center, selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using the Diabetes Burnout Syndrome (DBS) questionnaire and analyzed with descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and logistic regression. Findings showed that most participants were female, had a high school education, and had lived with DM for less than five years. Gender and education had a significant influence on DBS scores (p < 0.005). Burnout was higher among women, patients with DM >5 years, and those with a bachelor’s degree. Education emerged as the most influential factor, with higher education levels associated with an 11.76-fold increased risk of burnout (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Education plays a dominant role in shaping burnout among the elderly with DM. Interventions tailored to demographic characteristics, disease duration, and employment status, supported by social support and health education, are crucial for reducing burnout and enhancing chronic care.

SINARA Application to Detect Cervical Cancer Risk: Development and Validity

2025-10-23T03:27:10+00:00

The coverage of cervical cancer screening in Indonesia is 6.83% and in Maluku is 7.02% which is still low, even though affordable IVA examinations are available at health centers. Not knowing the risk of cervical cancer is one of the obstacles to low awareness of cervical cancer screening. Previous research has developed a valid and reliable SINARA instrument to detect cervical cancer risk. This study aims to develop and test the validity of the SINARA application, a smartphone application for detecting cervical cancer risk. This quantitative study uses the PDCA (Plan, Do, Check, Action) approach. The study was conducted from July to September. The research sample was 30 women of childbearing age in Ambon City, with a purposive sampling technique. Data collection was carried out offline using questionnaires and online using Google Forms. This study produced the SINARA application with validity test results> 0.361 and a Cronbach alpha value of 0.935, and good quality through usability test results of 82.82%. A high-quality SINARA application is expected to help increase the participation of women in carrying out cervical cancer screening at health facilities. It is recommended to integrate this with the health office to identify women at risk of cervical cancer.

Support Groups Based on the Health Promotion Model Approach to Improving the Health of the Elderly with Gout

2025-10-23T03:25:49+00:00

The elderly are a vulnerable group to the problem of gout. The 2018 Riskesdas data in Indonesia showed a 45% increase in age prevalence. The prevalence of gouty arthritis in Indonesia is high at 65-74 years (51.9%) and ≥ 75 years (54.8%). Maluku Province has a prevalence of 18.6-47.6 %. Diseased joints (pain consequence) are highest in the Aru Islands (9.63%), and Ambon is in the top position (2nd, 7.15%). Recorded data from Air Salobar Health Center, a health center in Ambon City, indicates that the number of elderly individuals with Gout in 2023 was 83 people. There are efforts made to improve the health of the elderly, including promotional efforts such as Support Groups, which employ an approach based on the Health Promotion Model (HPM) as a first step to promote healthy behaviors and desires among the elderly. Research objectives. This is a see-influence support group-based approach to a health promotion model for addressing problems in elderly health behavior related to gout. Design Study: This is a one-group pre-test and post-test design. The total sample in the study consisted of 83 elderly individuals suffering from Gout, selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis employed the Wilcoxon test because the data were not normally distributed. Research results demonstrate a difference before and after the given support group intervention, based on the Health Promotion model, for improving elderly health behaviors. The pre-test results of the intervention are 9.33, while the post-test results are 11.27, with an average difference of 1.94 and a P-value of 0.000. Therefore, we can conclude that a support group has an influence on the approach of the Health Promotion Model towards improving behavioral health in the elderly with gout. Research on topics considered important and relevant to the problem of elderly individuals with gout recommends examining the factors and appropriate interventions to improve the quality of life for elderly people experiencing gout.